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Cancer

Many people will be affected by cancer in their life. Cancer Research UK estimates that one in two people in the UK born after 1960 will be diagnosed with some form of cancer during their lifetime.

And whether it's you who's affected or a family member or a friend, it brings about painful emotions that are difficult to process.

Every two minutes someone in the UK is diagnosed with cancer. How people react to this news varies from person to person. Generally, most people are stopped in their tracks and all that they are doing goes on hold whilst they try to process and understand what they have been plunged into.


Signs

No matter your age or health, it is good to know the possible signs of cancer. Alone, they are not enough to diagnose the disease. But they can be clues for you and your doctor so that you can find entry to the problem as soon as possible. Treatment works best early on when the tumour is small and hasn't spread.

These signs and symptoms don't always mean cancer.

  • Pain:
      Bone cancer often hurts from the beginning. Some brain tumours cause headaches that last for days and don’t get better with treatment. Pain can            also be a late sign of cancer, so see a doctor if you don't know why it’s happening, or it doesn’t go away

  • Weight loss without trying:
      Almost half of people who have cancer lose weight. It’s often one of the signs that they notice first

  • Fatigue:
      If you’re tired all the time and rest doesn’t help, tell your doctor. Leukaemia often wears you out, or you could have blood loss from colon or stomach        cancer. Cancer-related weight loss can leave you exhausted, too

  • Fever:
      If it’s high or lasts more than 3 days, call your doctor. Some blood cancers, like lymphoma, cause a fever for days or even weeks

  • Changes in your skin:
     Have your doctor look at unusual or new moles, bumps, or marks on your body to be sure skin cancer isn’t lurking. Your skin can also provide clues to       other kinds of cancers. If it’s darkened, looks yellow or red, itches, or sprouts more hair, or if you have an unexplained rash, it could be a sign of liver,         ovarian, or kidney cancer or lymphoma

  • Sores that don’t heal:
     Spots that bleed and won’t go away are also signs of skin cancer. Oral cancer can start as sores in your mouth. If you smoke, chew tobacco, or drink         a lot of alcohol, you’re at higher risk

  • Cough or hoarseness that doesn’t go away:
      A cough is one sign of lung cancer, and hoarseness may mean cancer of your voice box (larynx) or thyroid gland

  • Unusual bleeding:
     Cancer can make blood show up where it shouldn’t be. Blood in your poop is a symptom of colon or rectal cancer. And tumours along your urinary             tract can cause blood in your urine

  • Anaemia:
    This is when your body doesn’t have enough red blood cells, which are made in your bone marrow. Cancers like leukaemia, lymphoma, and multiple          myeloma can damage your marrow. Tumours that spread there from other places might crowd out regular red blood cells

  • The most common cancers in men are prostate, lung, and colorectal




Symptoms of cancer in men include:

  • Trouble peeing:

      A swollen prostate can make it hard to go, or it may make you have to go a lot. Tell your doctor if you have pain when you pee or blood in your urine

  • A lump, pain, or ache in your scrotum:

      These might mean testicular cancer

Common Cancer Symptoms in Women

The types that affect women most are breast, lung, and colorectal cancer. Women can also have cancer of the uterus, endometrium, cervix, vagina, or vulva.

  • Vaginal bleeding or discharge: 
      Get checked out if it happens between periods or after menopause. Endometrial cancer can make you bleed when you don't expect it

  • Changes in appetite: 
      Ovarian cancer can make you feel full or make it hard to eat. Other cancers can cause indigestion or nausea. Cancer isn’t the only illness that                      changes your appetite, but check with your doctor if you’ve had trouble eating for 2 weeks or longer

  • Belly pain and bloating: 
      In most cases, you feel gassy, crampy, and bloated because of something minor. Talk to your doctor if you have these types of symptoms and they          don’t go away    

  • Breast changes: 
      Tell the doctor if:
  • Your breasts feel different
  • You find lumps
  • You notice sudden changes in size
  • You have discharge from your nipples
  • You see spots or other changes in the skin around your nipples