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Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder is a common mental health condition that typically starts in early adulthood and is commonly known as OCD. 

OCD consists of obsessions (intense, uncontrollable, reoccurring thoughts, images, and fears) and compulsions (repetitive activities) that people do to relieve the obsessive thoughts.

What are the signs and symptoms?

OCD is comprised of obsessions and compulsions although the patterns of thoughts and behaviour differs between people.


Signs of obsessions

  • Fear of causing or failing to prevent harm
  • Worrying that they or someone else may get harmed or they have already been harmed.
  • Intrusive thoughts, images and impulses
  • People here may experience unwanted forbidden or taboo thoughts related to aggression, sexual or religious subjects. For example, thoughts that they might be a dangerous person, thoughts against their religion, or intrusive sexual thoughts related to children and family members
  • Fear of contamination
  • As some people may fear contamination through germs and dirt, they may avoid situations such as touching objects or shaking hands.
  • Fears of worries related to order and symmetry
  • A compulsion to ensure everything feels 'just right'. People may find themselves working on cleaning assiduously to make sure everything is spotless.

Signs of compulsion

Rituals

Rituals are a set pattern of behaviours with a clear starting and end point. Examples of rituals include touching things in a particular order or at a certain time and arranging things in a certain way. If these rituals get interrupted, they may feel the need to start again.

Checking

People with OCD may have a compulsion to keep checking things such as locks, security systems, or ovens. Checking their body for contamination or making sure that intrusive thoughts did not happen. The constant need for checking can disrupt everyday tasks such as attending appointments and can impact their relationships

Correcting thoughts

Correcting thoughts may consist of replacing intrusive thoughts with another image, repeating phrases in their head, repeatedly counting to a particular number

Reassurance

People with OCD may have the constant need to ask others to reassure them that everything is alright




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