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Sleep

There is clear evidence that sleep deprivation has a negative effect on emotion and performance. 

The psychological effects of sleep deprivation can affect us massively and significantly impact our daily mood.

The results of one study (Yoo, Gujjar et al (2007). A deficit in the ability to form new human memories without sleep. 

Nature Neuroscience, 10(3), 385-392) indicate that a night of restful sleep may ‘reset’ brain reactivity to prepare for emotional challenges the next day.

Sleep has an important restorative function in ‘recharging’ the brain at the end of each day, just like we need to charge a mobile phone battery after prolonged use. Maintaining a regular sleep-wake cycle allows the natural rhythm of the body to be reset every day and therefore optimises brain functioning and can improve mental health.

Ongoing poor sleep can be a huge risk factor for the development of major depressive disorder. The risk of feeling depressed and/or anxious (as well as worsening existing anxiety and depression) increases with the severity of insomnia, and so it is important to recognise and sort out sleep problems as soon as they are identified.

The effects of a lack of sleep

Missed sleep can lead to psychological and physical ill health in many ways.

Psychological symptoms and effects include:

  • Low mood
  • Anxiety
  • Irritability
  • Erratic behaviour
  • Poor cognitive functioning and performance (e.g. forgetfulness, making mistakes and slower thinking than normal)
  • Psychotic episodes
  • Physical symptoms and effects include:
  • Physical symptoms of anxiety
  • Tiredness
  • Elevation in blood pressure and stress hormones
  • Negative effects on cardiovascular health (increased risk of strokes and heart attacks)
  • Immune damage which can lead to many physical problems

Seven steps to improve your sleeping habits for better mental health:

  • Establish a regular sleep-wake cycle - try to sleep and wake at regular times consistently
  • Try to ensure that you have a comfortable bed and bedroom - noise, light and temperature should be tailored to your preferences if possible
  • Limit the use of stimulants - such as caffeine, nicotine, and alcohol near bedtime
  • Avoid drinking excessive liquids - especially in the evening to minimise chances of waking to empty your bladder
  • Avoid going to bed until you are drowsy and actually ready to sleep - Most people who suffer from insomnia spend more time in bed lying awake rather than actually asleep.
  • Regular daily exercise - but not too late in the evening as this could be stimulating
  • Avoid electronic devices late at night - such as computers, mobiles, tablets and so on; the bright light can be overly stimulating and keep you awake